Ukukhishwa kwe-X-ray ngama-electron amahhala angena ku-van der Waals material.Ikhredithi: Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
Abacwaningi bezobuchwepheshe benze imithombo yemisebe enembile okulindeleke ukuthi iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezithombe zezokwelapha nezinye izindawo.Baye bakha imithombo enembile yemisebe engase ithathe indawo yezindawo ezibizayo nezinzima ezisetshenziselwa le misebenzi.Imishini ephakanyisiwe ikhiqiza imisebe elawulwayo ene-spectrum encane engacushwa ngokulungiswa okuphezulu, ekutshalweni kwamandla okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa.Lokhu okutholakele kungenzeka kuholele ekuphumeleleni emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuhlaziya amakhemikhali nezinto eziphilayo, izithombe zezokwelapha, imishini ye-X-ray yokuhlolwa kwezokuphepha, nokunye ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo enembile ye-X-ray.

Kushicilelwe kumagazini i-Nature Photonics, lolu cwaningo beluholwa nguSolwazi Ido Kaminer kanye nomfundi wenkosi yakhe uMichael Shentcis njengengxenye yokubambisana nezikhungo zocwaningo eziningana e-Technion: i-Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, i-Solid State Institute, the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI), kanye neHelen Diller Center for Quantum Science, Matter and Engineering.

Iphepha labacwaningi libonisa ukubhekwa kokuhlola okunikeza ubufakazi bokuqala bomqondo wamamodeli wetiyori athuthukiswe kule minyaka eyishumi edlule ochungechungeni lwama-athikili ayisisekelo.Isihloko sokuqala ngale ndaba siphinde savela ku-Nature Photonics.Ibhalwe nguProf. Kaminer ngesikhathi ebhala i-postdoc yakhe e-MIT, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaProf. Marin Soljacic kanye noProf. John Joannopoulos, lelo phepha lethule ngokwethiyori ukuthi izinto ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili zingakha kanjani ama-X-ray.NgokukaProfesa Kaminer, “leso sihloko saphawula ukuqala kohambo oluya emithonjeni yemisebe esekelwe kusayensi yemvelo eyingqayizivele yezinto ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili kanye nenhlanganisela yazo ehlukahlukene—ama-heterostructures.Sakhe phezu kwempumelelo yethiyori evela kuleyo ndatshana ukuze sithuthukise uchungechunge lwama-athikili alandelayo, futhi manje, sijabule ukumemezela ukubonwa kokuqala kokuhlola ekudalweni kwemisebe ye-X-ray evela ezintweni ezinjalo, kuyilapho silawula ngokunembile imingcele yemisebe. .”

Izinto ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili ziyizakhiwo zokwenziwa eziyingqayizivele ezathatha umphakathi wezesayensi unyaka wonke ka-2004 ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-graphene yizazi zefiziksi u-Andre Geim no-Konstantin Novoselov, kamuva owawina uMklomelo KaNobel ku-Physics ngo-2010. I-Graphene iyisakhiwo sokwenziwa se-a Ugqinsi olulodwa lwe-athomu olwenziwe ngama-athomu ekhabhoni.Izakhiwo zokuqala ze-graphene zadalwa ngabahlomuli bakaNobel ababili ngokucwecwa izingqimba ezincanyana zegraphite, “izinto zokubhala” zepensela, kusetshenziswa itheyiphu yokudonsa.Ososayensi ababili kanye nabacwaningi abalandelayo bathola ukuthi i-graphene inezinto eziyingqayizivele nezimangazayo ezihlukile kuzakhiwo ze-graphite: amandla amakhulu, ukubonakala obala okuphelele, ukuhamba kukagesi, namandla okudlulisa ukukhanya okuvumela ukuphuma kwemisebe-isici esihlobene nendatshana yamanje.Lezi zici eziyingqayizivele zenza i-graphene nezinye izinto ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili zithembise izizukulwane ezizayo zezinzwa zamakhemikhali nezebhayoloji, amaseli elanga, ama-semiconductors, amamonitha, nokunye.

Omunye othole umklomelo kaNobel okufanele kukhulunywe ngaye ngaphambi kokuba abuyele esifundweni samanje uJohannes Diderik van der Waals, owathola uMklomelo KaNobel kuPhysics eminyakeni eyikhulu impela ngaphambili, ngo-1910. Izinto ezisetshenziswa manje eziqanjwe ngaye—izinto ze-vdW—ziyizinto ezigxilwe kakhulu kuzo. Ucwaningo lukaProf. Kaminer.I-graphene futhi iyisibonelo se-vdW, kodwa ucwaningo olusha manje seluthola ukuthi ezinye izinto ezithuthukisiwe ze-vdW ziwusizo kakhulu ngenjongo yokukhiqiza ama-X-ray.Abacwaningi beTechnion bakhiqize izinto ezihlukene ze-vdW futhi bathumela imishayo yama-electron ngayo ngama-engeli athile aholele ekukhishweni kwe-X-ray ngendlela elawulwayo nenembile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bakhombise ukugcwaliseka okunembile kwe-radiation spectrum ekuxazululeni okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, besebenzisa ukuguquguquka ekuklameni imindeni yezinto ze-vdW.

I-athikili entsha yeqembu locwaningo iqukethe imiphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nethiyori entsha ehlanganisa ndawonye ihlinzeka ngobufakazi bomqondo wokusetshenziswa okusha kwezinto ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili njengohlelo oluhlangene olukhiqiza imisebe elawulwayo nenembile.

“Ukuhlolwa kanye nethiyori esiyithuthukisile ukuyichaza kunomthelela omkhulu ocwaningweni lokusebenzisana kwezinto ezilula nokuvula indlela yokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene ekuthwebuleni izithombe ze-X-ray (ngokwesibonelo i-X-ray yezokwelapha), i-X-ray spectroscopy esetshenzisiwe. ukukhomba izinto zokwakha, kanye nemithombo yokukhanya ye-quantum yesikhathi esizayo embusweni we-X-ray," kusho uProf. Kaminer.